“公司+农户”违约反应的静态理论模型

高违约率已经成为目前订单农业面临的重要问题。由于面临对方违约,另一方可能有多种选择,现有文献关于违约后签约方的行为反应从两个极端理论假设进行了推演。本文遵循Volker Beckmann和Silke Boger的思路,建立了一个分析农户和公司采取法律行动的简单静态的理论分析模型,以预测其行动取向。认为随着社会经济的发展,司法效率的提高,公司和农户的信用状况将会改善,农户和公司的生产规模也会扩大,违约行为就会减少,公司或者农户针对违约的行为选择也会做出相应改变。     

市域轨道交通线路合理经济长度研究

在理论分析的基础上,从经济角度出发研究市域轨道交通合理的经济长度。以乘客旅行次数需求密度函数为基础,建立市域轨道交通线路长度效益函数和成本函数,其中效益函数包括旅客时间节省效益函数和票价收入效益函数;成本函数包括建设成本函数和运营成本函数,效益函数和成本函数相加即为市域轨道交通社会效益最大化的目标函数。通过建立社会效益函数的非线性函数,建立模型求解,得出合理的市域轨道交通经济长度。     

浅谈高职院校图书馆与职业教育的协调发展

本文通过对高职图书馆功能、重要性和所肩负使命的描述,以及对高职教育现状、存在问题和未来发展趋势的详细分析,指出高职图书馆在促进高职教育事业发展中的优势与作用。     

政策时滞与战略超越——评日本经济危机对策

非干预主义者一般抓住政策的时滞问题以否认斟酌处置的财政政策的有效性。日本政府通过把经济危机对策与产业结构调整战略的有机结合,弱化了斟酌处置财政政策的时滞问题对政策效果造成的负面影响,推动了产业结构的调整,为提升日本在下一轮经济增长中的国家竞争力做了准备。     

日本全球变暖对策基本法案解析——解读日本减排25%

2010年3月,日本政府在内阁会议上决议了将温室气体排放量在2020年较1990年减少25%为核心内容的<全球变暖对策基本法案>,提交至国会审议.该法案无论是减排目标还是具体政策措施,与过去相比激进和果断许多,在日本国内引起了轩然大波.由于反对和猜疑的声音一直不绝于耳,该法案能否获准尚不明朗.本文就该法案的主要争论点及背景做全面阐述,并对其前景做一展望,以期有助于了解日本围绕减排的各种主张.     

中国人力资本水平与FDI技术溢出关系研究

针对1985-2009年间中国人力资本水平和FDI技术溢出进行VECM模型检验结果表明,我国人力资本水平与FDI技术溢出存在长期稳定关系,但短期关系不显著。从动态层面看,FDI技术溢出变化对我国人力资本水平有显著的正向影响,但我国人力资本水平变化对FDI技术溢出的正向影响程度较弱。     

Intrinsic factors affecting impulsive buying behaviour—Evidence from India

The goal of this research is to examine the effect of five intrinsic factors, namely, personality, culture, materialism, shopping enjoyment tendency, and impulsive buying tendency on impulsive buying behaviour. Using structural equation modeling, responses from 508 consumers in the different parts of India’s National Capital Region were analysed and results showed that while the three constructs of materialism, shopping enjoyment tendency, and impulsive buying tendency had significant positive relationship with impulsive buying behaviour, the cultural construct of collectivism and two personality constructs of extraversion and conscientiousness too showed significant relationship.The study assumes immense significance because it not only presents useful insight regarding the behaviour of Indian consumers in an ever developing retail sector in India, but also considering the fact that this is the first time an attempt has been made to assess the simultaneous impact of these five intrinsic factors on impulsive buying behaviour. Importantly, the findings also revealed that the influence of intrinsic variables on impulsive buying behaviour did not vary across gender.     

Validation of the Bowel Function Index to detect clinically meaningful changes in opioid-induced constipation

Abstract

Objective: The Bowel Function Index (BFI) is a clinician-administered, patient-reported, 3-item questionnaire to evaluate opioid-induced constipation in cancer and non-cancer chronic pain patients. The objective of the present analysis was to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the BFI using data from clinical studies of oral prolonged release (PR) oxycodone/naloxone.

Methods: OXN2401 was a multicenter, controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study including oral PR oxycodone combined with oral PR naloxone as well as oral PR oxycodone combined with corresponding naloxone placebo. OXN3401 and OXN3001 were 12-week multicenter, controlled, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group studies of a fixed combination of oral PR oxycodone/naloxone versus PR oxycodone. In addition, a placebo group was included in study OXN3401. BFI psychometric characteristics (reliability, reproducibility, convergent/known groups validity, and responsiveness) were evaluated.

Results: Demographic data (n=985) were comparable and analyses indicated a high degree of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha >0.7). Change of less than 5 points in BFI was indicative of high reproducibility. Correlations between BFI item and total scores to stool frequency were statistically significant and in the low-to-moderate range (OXN2401 –0.23 to –0.29, p < 0.001; OXN3401 range –0.26 to –0.40, p < 0.001; OXN3001 –0.14 to –0.15, p < 0.05). Data indicate that a BFI score change of ≥12 points represents a clinically meaningful change in constipation.

Limitations: This publication for validation of BFI only includes data from three clinical trials. However, another publication of an additional specifically designed cross-sectional validation study is in preparation.

Conclusion: The BFI is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of opioid-induced constipation in chronic pain patients. Psychometric analyses from clinical trials support the BFI's psychometric properties.     

小议林业会计的特点及职能

林业会计是国民经济部门会计的一种,是林业生产经营单位经济管理的一个重要组成部分.由于林业行业自身有许多区别于其他行业的特殊性,这就形成了林业会计有别于其他经济部门会计的特点.根据本人从事林业财务的实践经验,笔者试论一下林业会计的特点及职能.